nemesis /ˈneməsɪs/
IELTS丨TOEFL丨专八
基本释义
A person's nemesis is their opponent or rival, especially one who has been their opponent or rival for a long time.
n. 天敌,头号敌人,克星
外刊例句
If you have many enemies, you may have to rank them in order of importance. Your archenemy is your main enemy. For example, "The two politicians were archenemies." A great word that means the same as your archenemy is nemesis. A nemesis is an opponent that is very difficult to defeat. Your nemesis is always looking to destroy you.
如果你有很多敌人,你可能需要根据重要性将他们排名。你的死敌是指你最大的敌人。例如,“这两位政治家是死敌。” 和死敌意思一样的词语就是克星。克星是指非常难以击败的对手。你的克星一直在寻求击垮你。
追根溯源
涅墨西斯(Nemesis)是希腊神话中的复仇女神,据说神王宙斯爱上了涅墨西斯,想尽一切办法想占有她。为逃避宙斯,涅墨西斯化作一只鹅,宙斯则化作天鹅与她相会,并命令爱神阿佛洛狄德(Aphrodite)变成一只鹰追捕自己,博取涅墨西斯的同情。经过一番转折,宙斯终得美人芳心。
后来,由于受到了宙斯的欺骗和侮辱,女神涅墨西斯心理失衡,一心想着惩罚坏人。美少年那喀索斯(Narcissus)就因为过分自恋,无情地拒绝了仙女厄科(Echo),遭到了涅墨西斯的惩罚,变成了水仙花。涅墨西斯的名字Nemesis 在希腊语中原本表示“义愤”,后来进入现代英语中,用nemesis表示“报复”、“复仇者”,也可以指“长期的劲敌”。
影视例句
在美剧《摩登家庭》里,Jay在介绍自己昔日的生意搭档时,就用到了这个单词:
Earl Chambers, my former business partner-turned dumbass nemesis, bought the old horizontal wardrobe. For you closet non-pros, that means he died.
厄尔·钱伯斯,我昔日的生意搭档,后来变成我的死对头。他买了横向衣柜,给你们衣柜业门外汉解释一下,就是他挂了。